Relationship between maxillary sinus mucosal cyst and sinus ostium 2D area in three-dimensional volumetric paranasal CT images.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the maxillary sinus ostium 2D area (SOA) and the development of mucosal cysts of the maxillary sinus (MMC). METHODS: Thirty patients (≥ 18 years) with unilateral MMC who underwent paranasal sinus CT (PNsCT) were included in this single-center retrospective study. Non-MMC sinus was used as the control group. Cyst and air volume of the maxillary sinuses, diameter, and 2-dimensional area of the ostium of the patients were calculated in the 3-dimensional volumetric analysis program. Both correlation and linear regression model analyses were performed for the relationship between MMC and SOA. RESULTS: Thirty patients were included (mean age of 42.30 ± 17.62 years). A total of 15/30 (50%) were male. The mean SOA in patients with MMC (8.91 ± 1.10 mm2) was lower than in patients without MMC (12.94 ± 1.35 mm2), which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean sinus ostium diameter in patients with MMC (2.12 ± 0.71 mm) was higher than in patients without MMC (1.91 ± 0.82 mm), which was statistically insignificant (p = 0.295). There was a statistically significant, good level of negative linear correlation between SOA and total cyst volume (TCV) [correlation coefficient (r) = - 0.680, p < 0.001]). As a result, the regression model consisting of "Age, Sinus air volume, and TCV" variables is a good model and has statistically significant relations with SOA. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, small SOAs contribute to the development of MMC. There was a negative correlation between SOA and TCV. In addition, 2D area measurement may be a more accurate method instead of diameter measurement.

Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on ultrasound findings of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-related lymphadenopathy.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies reported axillary lymphadenopathy (LAP) as a side effect of the anti-COVID-19 vaccine. However, the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)s on mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-related LAP have not been investigated. PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effects of NSAIDs on temporal changes in sonographic findings of COVID-19 vaccine-associated LAP. METHODS: Our single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted between October 2021 and April 2022. We included patients (aged ≥ 18 years) who applied with complaints of swelling in the ipsilateral axillary region after the COVID-19 vaccine and had axillary region ultrasound (US) scans in electronic medical records within 30 days pre-vaccination. The serial US was performed on the third, 10th, and 30th days post-vaccination. RESULTS: Our study included 38 patients with a median age of 36 (IQR, 32-43) years. In 18 (47.4%) patients used NSAIDs in the early post-vaccination period. Measurements of LAPs on ultrasound scans increased at day 3 post-vaccination compared with pre-vaccination both in NSAID users and non-users. On the 10th day, a statistically insignificant decrease in LAP diameters and cortical thickness was observed in NSAID users compared to non-users. On the post-vaccination 30th day, axillary LAPs regressed similarly in both groups. CONCLUSION: In our study, post-vaccine NSAID use had no statistically significant effect on the course of axillary LAPs.